Ovary Endometriosis @ Endometriotic Cyst

CA 125:

• It is a protein that is a so-called tumor marker which is a substance that is found in greater concentration in tumor cells than in other cells in the body. 
• CA stands for cancer antigen. 
• CA 125 protein is not currently understood.
• CA 125 normal value is less than 35 U/ml.
• CA 125 is usually measured from blood sample.
• Increased CA 125 level may occur in ovarian carcinoma. May also elevate in endometrail carcinoma and in colon, breast and lung carcinoma.
• It may also increase in benign gynaecological diseases, endometriosis, breast diseases, liver cirrhosis, pancreatitis and granulomatoses.
• Are suggestive but not diagnostic of cancer, and further investigations require.

Endometriosis:

• A female health disorder that occurs when cells from the lining of the womb (uterus) grow in other areas of the body.
• The cause of endometriosis is unknown.
• Can lead to pain, irregular bleeding, lower abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, low back pain, irregular or heavy menstrual bleeding or blood in the urine, and problems getting pregnant.
• Rare symptoms include (a) chest pain, coughing blood due to endometriosis in the lungs, (b) headache, seizures due to endometriosis in the brain.
• Other symptoms: painful periods, pain in the lower abdomen before and during menstruation, cramps for a week or two before menstruation and during menstruation (may be steady and range from dull to severe), pain during or following sexual intercourse, pain with bowel movements, pelvic or lower back pain that may occur at any time during the menstrual cycle.
• There may be no symptoms occur to some women. (ie: some women with a large number of tissue implants in their pelvis have no pain at all, while some women with milder disease have severe pain).
• Every month, a woman's ovaries produce hormones that tell the cells lining the uterus (womb) to swell and get thicker. The body removes these extra cells from the womb lining (endometrium) when period comes.
• If these cells implant and grow outside the uterus, endometriosis results. The growths are called endometrial tissue implants. The tissue implants outside the uterus stay in place when period comes, and ongoingly in a growing process upon period cycles.
• Endometriosis is common. Sometimes, it may run in the family. Typically diagnosed between ages 25-35. A woman who has a mother or sister with endometriosis is much more likely to develop endometriosis than other women.
• Endometriosis are most likely to develop if:
• period starts at a young age
• never had children
• frequent periods or period last 7 or more days
• closed hymen, which blocks the flow of menstrual blood during the period

• Detection ultrasound biliary tract & abdomen: Increase echoes in the ovary. Free fluid seen around the ovaries bilaterally. Further gynaecological require.
• Tests: Pelvic exam, transvaginal ultrasound, pelvic laparoscopy. 
• Treatment depends on factors such as age, severity of symptoms, severity of disease, and whether you want children in the future.
• If mild symptoms and do not ever want children, may choose to have regular exams every 6 to 12 months to make sure disease isn't getting worse.
• Other treatment, using hormone medications to stop the endometriosis from getting worse (Progesterone pills or injections causes side effects includes weight gain and depression. Gonadotropin-agonist medications such as nafarelin acetate and depo lupron to stop ovaries from producing estrogen and produce menopause-like state with side effects include hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and mood changes, and treatment limited to 6 months because can lead to bone density loss but can be extended up to 1 year in some cases.), or surgery to remove the areas of endometriosis or the entire uterus and ovaries (if severe pain does not get better with other treatments, and do not want to have children in the future. Symptoms may return if do not have both ovaries removed.). Having a hysterectomy or removing the ovaries does not guarantee that the endometriosis areas and/or the symptoms of endometriosis will not come back.
• Treatment to stop the endometriosis from getting worse often involves using birth control pills (estrogen and progesterone) continously for 6 to 9 months to stop from periods and create a pregnancy-like state (pseudopregnancy). Actual pregnancy can also stop the endometriosis.
• Symptoms can be manage by exercise and relaxation techniques, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, naproxen, acetaminophen, or prescription painkillers to relieve cramping and pain.

• The other way of fighting the endometriosis is to try getting pregnant. Once one are successfully pregnant and successfully keeping the pregnancy until the birth (as endometriosis may cause pregnancy lost), the success will be able to stop the endometriosis once and for all. *bestest way suggested by the specialists without any surgery or removal of the womb and ovaries*